1 Understand the structure and function of the circulatory system

• 1.1 Identify the location of the heart
  
• 1.2 Describe the function of the heart
  
• 1.3 Describe the structure of the heart
  
• 1.4 Describe how blood moves through the four chambers of the heart
  
• 1.5 Describe systemic and pulmonary circulation
  
• 1.6 Describe the structure and functions of blood vessels
  
• 1.7 Define blood pressure
  
• 1.8 Identify blood pressure classifications
  

2 Understand the structure and function of the respiratory system

• 2.1 Identify the location of the lungs
  
• 2.2 Describe the function of the lungs
  
• 2.3 Describe the structure of the lungs
  
• 2.4 Identify the main muscles involved in breathing
  
• 2.5 Describe the passage of air through the respiratory tract
  
• 2.6 Describe the process of gaseous exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungs

3 Understand the structure and function of the skeleton

• 3.1 Describe the basic functions of the skeleton
  
• 3.2 Identify the structures of the axial skeleton
  
• 3.3 Identify the structures of the appendicular skeleton
  
• 3.4 Explain the classification of bones
  
• 3.5 Explain the structure of long bone
  
• 3.6 Explain the stages of bone growth
  
• 3.7 Describe posture in terms of:
  • curves of the spine
  • neutral spine alignment
  • potential ranges of motion of the spine
  • postural deviations to include kyphosis, lordosis, scoliosis and the effect of pregnancy
  

4 Understand joints in the skeleton

• 4.1 Describe the classification of joints
  
• 4.2 Describe the structure of synovial joints
  
• 4.3 Describe the types of synovial joints and their range of motion
  
• 4.4 Describe joint movement potential and joint actions
  

5 Understand the muscular system

• 5.1 Identify the three types of muscle tissue
  
• 5.2 Define the characteristics and functions of the three types of muscle tissue
  
• 5.3 Describe the basic structure of skeletal muscle
  
• 5.4 Name and locate the anterior skeletal muscles
  
• 5.5 Name and locate the posterior skeletal muscles
  
• 5.6 Describe the structure and function of the pelvic floor muscles
  
• 5.7 Describe the different types of muscle action
  
• 5.8 Identify the joint actions brought about by specific muscle group contractions
  
• 5.9 Identify skeletal muscle fibre types and their characteristics
  

6 Understand the life-course of the musculoskeletal system and its implications for special populations exercise

• 6.1 Describe the life-course of the musculoskeletal system, including relevant tendon, ligament, muscle, joint and bone mineral density changes, and their implications for exercise, plus specific implications for working with:
  • young people in the 14-16 age range
  • antenatal and postnatal women
  • older people (50 plus)
  

7 Understand energy systems and their relation to exercise

• 7.1 Describe how carbohydrates, fats and proteins are used in the production of energy/adenosine triphosphate
  
• 7.2 Explain the use of the three energy systems during aerobic and anaerobic exercise
  

8 Understand the nervous system and its relation to exercise

• 8.1 Describe the role and functions of the nervous system
  
• 8.2 Describe the principles of muscle contraction
  
• 8.3 Describe the ‘all or none law’/motor unit recruitment
  
• 8.4 Describe how exercise can enhance neuromuscular connections and improve motor fitness

1 Understand the effects of exercise on the body

• 1.1 Describe cardiovascular and respiratory adaptations to endurance/aerobic training
  
• 1.2 Identify the short and long term effects of exercise on blood pressure
  
• 1.3 Describe the “blood pooling” effect following exercise
  
• 1.4 Describe the effects of exercise on bones and joints including the significance of weight bearing exercise
  
• 1.5 Describe delayed onset of muscle soreness (DOMS)
  
• 1.6 Identify exercises or techniques likely to cause delayed onset of muscle soreness
  
• 1.7 Describe the short and long term effects of different types of exercise on muscle
  
• 1.8 Describe different exercises that can improve posture
  

2 Understand the components of fitness

• 2.1 Define the components of health related fitness
  
• 2.2 Define the components of skill related fitness
  
• 2.3 Identify the factors that affect health and skill related fitness
  

3 Understand how to apply the principles and variables of fitness to an exercise programme

• 3.1 Describe the physiological implications of:
  • specificity
  • progressive overload
  • reversibility
  • adaptability
  • individuality
  • recovery time
  
• 3.2 Explain the principles of FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type)
  
• 3.3 Explain the principles of a progressive training programme in developing components of fitness
  
• 3.4 Explain how to recognise when and how to regress a training programme
  
• 3.5 Explain the principles of adaptation, modification and progression for each component of FITT (Frequency, Intensity, Time and Type)
  
• 3.6 Describe the effect of speed on posture, alignment and intensity
  
• 3.7 Describe the effect of levers, gravity and resistance on exercise
  
• 3.8 Describe the differences between programming exercise for physical fitness and for health benefits
  

4 Understand the Exercise contraindications and key safety guidelines for special populations

• 4.1 Describe the exercise contraindications and key safety guidelines for working with older people (50 plus)
  
• 4.2 Describe the exercise contraindications and key safety guidelines for working with antenatal and postnatal clients
  
• 4.3 Describe the exercise contraindications and key safety guidelines for working with young people (14-16)
  
• 4.4 Describe the key safety considerations for working with disabled people
  

5 Understand how to safely monitor exercise intensity

• 5.1 Describe the benefits and limitations of different methods of monitoring exercise intensity including:
  • the talk test
  • Rate of Perceived Exertion (RPE)
  • heart rate monitoring and the use of different heart rate zones
  

6 Understand the health benefits of physical activity

• 6.1 Describe the health benefits of physical activity
  
• 6.2 Describe the effect of physical activity on the causes of certain diseases including:
  • Coronary Heart Disease
  • Some cancers
  • Type 2 Diabetes
  • Hypertension
  • Obesity
  • Osteoporosis
  

7 Understand the importance of healthy eating

• 7.1 Describe the national food model/guide
  
• 7.2 Describe key healthy eating advice that underpins a healthy diet
  
• 7.3 Explain the importance of adequate hydration
  
• 7.4 Explain professional role boundaries in relation to offering nutritional advice
  
• 7.5 Explain the dietary role of the key nutrients
  
• 7.6 Identify the common dietary sources of the key nutrients
  
• 7.7 Describe the energy balance equation
  
• 7.8 Explain the health risks of poor nutrition

1 Understand how to establish and maintain an effective relationship with clients

• 1.1 Describe how to present a positive image of self and organisation
  
• 1.2 Describe why the relationship between the instructor and client is important
  
• 1.3 Identify the types of personal qualities that instructors need to develop in order to help and support clients
  
• 1.4 Describe why clients need to understand the instructors role and responsibilities
  
• 1.5 Outline the extent and limitations of own role and responsibility when working with clients
  
• 1.6 Describe how to communicate clearly with a range of different clients
  
• 1.7 Describe what is meant by a ‘professional relationship’ between instructor and client
  
• 1.8 Describe what is meant by ‘valuing diversity’ in a practical context when working with clients
  
• 1.9 Identify the types of prejudice and discrimination that individual clients might experience and describe how to overcome these
  
• 1.10 Describe what is meant by ‘confidentiality’ and why it is important when working with clients, other staff and professionals
  
• 1.11 Outline the types of information that may be subject to data protection/confidentiality
  
• 1.12 Explain how to maintain client confidentiality in line with good practice
  
• 1.13 Explain how abiding by the Exercise and Fitness Code of Ethical Practice acts to ensure that equality and diversity are reflected during the exercise session
  
• 1.14 Identify the difference between advising on exercise participation and everyday lifestyle physical activity
  

2 Be able to establish and maintain an effective relationship with clients

• 2.1 Present a positive image of self and organisation to clients
  
• 2.2 Establish an effective working relationship with clients
  
• 2.3 Clearly define own role and responsibilities with clients
  
• 2.4 Communicate clearly with clients in a way that makes them feel valued
  
• 2.5 Use communication and instructing styles that match client needs
  
• 2.6 Maintain a relationship with clients which is in line with good practice and ethical requirements
  
• 2.7 Maintain confidentiality requirements in line with good practice
  

3 Understand how to motivate and support clients to adhere to exercise and physical activity

• 3.1 Describe the typical goals and expectations that clients have
  
• 3.2 Describe the types of barriers individual clients may face when undertaking physical activity and achieving their goals
  
• 3.3 Describe how clients can be helped to identify and overcome these barriers
  
• 3.4 Describe the types of incentives and rewards that may be appropriate to a range of different clients
  
• 3.5 Describe the types of exercise preferences that different clients may have
  
• 3.6 Explain why clients need to understand their own responsibility for personal motivation and fitness and how they can be assisted with this
  
• 3.7 Outline the communication skills needed to assist clients with motivation:
  • how to ask open ended questions
  • basic listening skills
  • methods of gathering personal information
  • appropriate questioning techniques
  • interpreting client responses including body language and other forms of behaviour, especially when undertaking physical activity
  • means of summarising gathered information
  
• 3.8 Describe the health benefits of regular physical exercise
  
• 3.9 Define the amount of physical activity required to achieve health benefits
  
• 3.10 Outline the range of different types of physical activity
  
• 3.11 Describe how to assist clients to develop their own motivational strategy
  

4 Be able to motivate and support clients to adhere to exercise and physical activity

• 4.1 Identify the clients’ reasons for taking part in regular physical activity
  
• 4.2 Identify appropriate incentives and rewards for the clients taking part in physical activity
  
• 4.3 Identify the clients’ preferences for exercise
  
• 4.4 Ensure clients understand the benefits of taking part in exercise and physical activity
  
• 4.5 Provide the clients with accurate information about the recommended amount of physical activity for them to derive health benefits
  
• 4.6 Clearly inform the clients about other opportunities for regular physical activity appropriate to their needs, abilities and preferences
  
• 4.7 Work with the clients to reduce the barriers to taking part in physical activity
  
• 4.8 Work with the clients to make best use of incentives, preferences and rewards
  
• 4.9 Help the clients to develop and follow through their own motivational strategies
  

5 Understand how to provide ongoing customer service to clients

• 5.1 Describe the importance of client care both to the client and the organisation
  
• 5.2 Explain why it is important to deal effectively with client needs
  
• 5.3 Outline the types of information which clients need
  
• 5.4 Outline how to respond to requests according to the organisation’s procedures
  
• 5.5 Identify where to source relevant information to meet clients needs
  
• 5.6 Outline what types of issues may need to be referred to another professional, when to refer them and who this professional may be in different situations
  
• 5.7 State the importance of explaining any delay in dealing with clients and describe how to do so effectively
  

6 Be able to provide ongoing customer service to clients

• 6.1 Engage with clients during exercise
  
• 6.2 Respond positively to clients
  
• 6.3 Gather all relevant information about clients’ needs and expectations
  
• 6.4 Listen to and ask the clients’ questions to check understanding
  
• 6.5 Discuss with the clients different ways of meeting their needs and expectations
  
• 6.6 Meet clients’ needs and expectations to the best of own ability and in line with accepted good practice
  
• 6.7 If clients’ needs and expectations are beyond own level of competence, consult another professional
  
• 6.8 Provide the clients with clear information and advice when they need it
  
• 6.9 Find out how well solutions work and provide alternative guidance if necessary
  
• 6.10 Handle client complaints positively following agreed procedures

1 Understand how to reflect on and develop own practice in providing exercise and physical activity

• 1.1 List the values or codes of practice relevant to the work being carried out and describe their importance
  
• 1.2 Describe the role of the fitness professional in the industry
  
• 1.3 Outline the importance of reflection and continuing professional development in helping clients to develop fitness and motivation
  
• 1.4 Outline the structure of the industry
  
• 1.5 Identify industry organisations and describe their relevance to the fitness professional
  
• 1.6 Outline appropriate registration systems and continuing professional development requirements
  
• 1.7 Describe employment opportunities in different sectors of the industry
  

2 Understand how to reflect on own professional practice

• 2.1 Describe aspects of professional practice that should be reflected on
  
• 2.2 Outline the information that should be used to reflect on own professional practice
  
• 2.3 Describe different methods of collecting information and how to interpret it
  
• 2.4 Describe how to reflect on own professional practice
  
• 2.5 Identify key lessons and how to make use of these in future professional practice
  
• 2.6 Outline the importance of discussing ideas with another professional
  

3 Be able to reflect on own professional practice

• 3.1 Review the outcomes of working with clients, their feedback and feedback from other staff
  
• 3.2 Identify:
  • how effective physical activities were
  • how effective and motivational the relationship with the client was
  • how well the professional codes of ethics were implemented when working with clients
  • how well the instructing style adopted matched clients’ needs
  • how well the clients’ exercise, including their health, safety and welfare were managed
  • the effectiveness of interacting and working with other members of staff
  
• 3.3 Identify ways in which future practice can be improved
  
• 3.4 Discuss ideas with another professional and take account of their views
  

4 Understand how to improve own professional practice and career opportunities

• 4.1 Identify how often professional practice should be reviewed
  
• 4.2 Outline how to access information on developments in exercise and physical activity
  
• 4.3 Identify areas in which further development in own professional practice is required
  
• 4.4 Describe the importance of having a personal action plan in place for own development
  
• 4.5 Outline the types of development activities that are available and how they can be accessed
  
• 4.6 Describe the importance of regularly reviewing and updating own personal action plan
  

5 Be able to improve own professional practice and career opportunities

• 5.1 Review own professional practice on a regular basis
  
• 5.2 Keep up-to-date with developments in exercise and physical activity
  
• 5.3 Consider own career goals
  
• 5.4 Develop a personal action plan that will help to improve professional practice and career prospects
  
• 5.5 Take part in relevant development activities as part of the personal action plan
  
• 5.6 Review own progress in developing professional practice and career prospects and update the personal action plan accordingly

1 Know how to promote health, safety and welfare in active leisure and recreation

• 1.1 List the values or codes of practice relevant to the work being carried out
  
• 1.2 Describe the requirements for health, safety and welfare relevant to own work, including Health and Safety at Work Act and requirements from relevant National Governing Bodies
  
• 1.3 Identify manufacturers’ guidelines and instructions for the use of facilities and equipment
  
• 1.4 Describe why health, safety and welfare are important in an active leisure and recreation environment
  
• 1.5 Identify the persons responsible for health and safety in own workplace
  
• 1.6 Outline own organisation’s security procedures
  

2 Know how to control risks in active leisure and recreation

• 2.1 Describe the types of hazards that are likely to occur in own area of work and the accidents and injuries each could cause
  
• 2.2 Outline how to identify hazards
  
• 2.3 List health, safety and security checks to be followed
  
• 2.4 Describe how to carry out basic risk assessments of the types of hazards that may occur
  
• 2.5 Describe why it is important to get advice from a relevant colleague if unsure about hazards and risks in own workplace
  
• 2.6 Identify who to ask if unsure about hazards and risks in own workplace
  
• 2.7 Describe how to deal correctly with the types of hazards that may occur in own workplace, taking account of risks
  
• 2.8 Identify documents relating to health and safety which may have to be completed
  
• 2.9 Outline how to complete health and safety documents correctly
  
• 2.10 Outline why colleagues and customers should be encouraged to behave in a safe manner
  
• 2.11 Describe how to encourage colleagues and customers to behave in a safe manner
  
• 2.12 Outline why it is important to make suggestions about health and safety issues
  
• 2.13 Describe how to make suggestions about health and safety issues
  
• 2.14 Outline why it is important to identify and report any differences between health and safety requirements and own workplace policies and procedures
  
• 2.15 Describe how to identify and report any differences between health and safety requirements and own workplace policies and procedure
  

3 Be able to help to control risks in the active leisure and recreation environment

• 3.1 Ensure that relevant and up-to-date, health and safety information is available
  
• 3.2 Follow the relevant health and safety requirements at all times
  
• 3.3 Carry out health and safety checks as required
  
• 3.4 Identify hazards
  
• 3.5 Assess and control risks using organisational procedures
  
• 3.6 Get advice from relevant colleagues when unsure about hazards and risks
  
• 3.7 Pass on suggestions for improving health and safety to the relevant colleague
  

4 Know how to help to safeguard and protect children and vulnerable adults

• 4.1 Describe what is meant by safeguarding and protecting the welfare of children and vulnerable adults
  
• 4.2 Describe own role and responsibilities for safeguarding and protecting children and other vulnerable people
  
• 4.3 List the four of types of abuse
  
• 4.4 Outline the basic indicators and impact of each of the four types of abuse
  
• 4.5 Describe the risks that individual abusers or potential abusers pose to children and vulnerable people
  
• 4.6 Describe organisational policies and procedures in relation to safeguarding and protecting, including the reporting procedures
  
• 4.7 Outline what to do if concerned about possible abuse
  
• 4.8 Describe how to respond to a child or someone else disclosing abuse or concerns about abuse
  
• 4.9 Outline what to do if there are barriers to reporting own concerns
  
• 4.10 Identify statutory agencies with responsibilities for safeguarding and protecting
  
• 4.11 Outline when to contact statutory agencies with responsibilities for safeguarding and protecting
  
• 4.12 Outline how to contact statutory agencies with responsibilities for safeguarding and protecting
  
• 4.13 Describe why it is important to share concerns about possible abuse with others
  
• 4.14 Describe the limits of own competence with regard to safeguarding and protecting
  
• 4.15 Outline why it is important to treat information about possible abuse confidentially
  

5 Be able to help to safeguard and protect children and vulnerable adults

• 5.1 Ensure that up-to-date information on guidelines for safeguarding and protecting children and vulnerable adults is available
  
• 5.2 Identify what the policies and procedures mean for own job and area of work
  
• 5.3 Follow the relevant procedures for:
  • Safeguarding and protecting children and vulnerable adults at all times
  • Protecting self from potential accusations
  
• 5.4 Be alert to possible signs of abuse
  
• 5.5 Identify, record and report any concerns about the welfare of children and vulnerable adults, while maintaining confidentiality
  

6 Know how to deal with injuries and signs of illness

• 6.1 List the types of accidents, injuries and illnesses that may occur in own area of work
  
• 6.2 Outline how to respond correctly to emotional distress
  
• 6.3 Outline how to deal with accidents, injuries and illnesses before qualified assistance arrives
  
• 6.4 Describe how to decide whether to contact the on-site first aider or immediately call the emergency services
  
• 6.5 Identify who is the on-site first aider and how to contact them
  
• 6.6 Describe the procedures to contact the emergency services
  
• 6.7 Outline why it is important to protect the casualty and others involved from further harm
  
• 6.8 Outline the procedures to protect the casualty and others
  
• 6.9 Outline why it is important to provide comfort and reassurance
  
• 6.10 Describe how to provide comfort and reassurance
  
• 6.11 Outline own responsibilities for reporting accidents
  
• 6.12 Outline the procedures for reporting accidents
  

7 Be able to deal with injuries and signs of illness

• 7.1 Remain calm and follow organisational procedures
  
• 7.2 Protect the casualty and other people from further risk
  
• 7.3 Call for qualified assistance appropriate to the casualty’s condition
  
• 7.4 Provide reassurance and comfort to the people involved
  
• 7.5 Give the qualified assistance clear and accurate information about what happened
  
• 7.6 Follow the relevant accident reporting procedures
  

8 Know how to follow emergency procedures

• 8.1 Describe the emergency procedures in own place of work
  
• 8.2 Outline what instructions must be given to the people involved
  
• 8.3 Outline organisational reporting procedures for emergencies
  
• 8.4 Describe the types of problems that may occur when carrying out emergency procedures
  
• 8.5 Describe why problems that occur when carrying out emergency procedures should be reported
  
• 8.6 Identify who to report problems to
  

9 Be able to follow emergency procedures

• 9.1 Give the people involved clear and correct instructions
  
• 9.2 Carry out own role in the emergency procedures calmly and correctly
  
• 9.3 Maintain the safety of the people involved
  
• 9.4 Follow the correct procedures for reporting the emergency
  
• 9.5 Report any problems with the emergency procedures to the relevant colleague

1 Know how to plan and prepare gym-based exercise

• 1.1 Explain the importance of careful and thorough planning and preparation for physical activity
  
• 1.2 Outline the needs and potential of the clients including reasons for and barriers to participation in the activity
  
• 1.3 Describe how to motivate clients to take part in exercise
  
• 1.4 Describe exercises that are safe and appropriate for clients including alternatives to potentially harmful exercises
  
• 1.5 Identify safe and effective alignment of exercise positions
  
• 1.6 Describe how to plan to use a range of cardiovascular and resistance machines including free weights (barbells, dumbbells, collars, benches)
  

2 Know how to collect and analyse relevant information

• 2.1 Describe the screening process and the factors which effect the ability to exercise
  
• 2.2 Identify the information needed to plan gym-based exercise and describe why this information is important
  
• 2.3 Identify the range of different methods that may be used to collect information including questionnaire, interview, observation and physical measurements
  
• 2.4 Identify reasons for temporary deferral of exercise
  
• 2.5 Identify why it may be necessary to refer the client to another professional
  
• 2.6 Describe the purpose of the informed consent
  
• 2.7 Outline the emergency procedures of the facility/organisation
  
• 2.8 Explain the purpose of the Physical Activity Readiness Questionnaire (PAR-Q) and how to record and interpret the information provided
  

3 Be able to collect and analyse relevant information

• 3.1 Collect the information needed to plan gym-based exercise
  
• 3.2 Ensure the information is accurate and up-to-date
  
• 3.3 Analyse the information and identify the implications for gym-based exercise
  
• 3.4 Refer any clients whose needs and potential cannot be met to another professional
  
• 3.5 Maintain client confidentiality in line with good practice procedures
  

4 Know how to plan a safe and effective gym-based exercise programme with clients

• 4.1 Explain how to identify and agree objectives for a programme based on collected information
  
• 4.2 Describe how to use a range of equipment to achieve the clients’ goals
  
• 4.3 Outline the health and environmental factors which can influence safety and group/individual working space
  
• 4.4 Describe why it is important to agree goals with clients
  
• 4.5 Describe how to record plans in the required format
  
• 4.6 Outline risk assessment/management procedures
  
• 4.7 Explain the consequences of failing to manage health and safety
  

5 Be able to plan a safe and effective gym-based exercise programme with clients

• 5.1 Identify and agree objectives that are appropriate to:
  • the needs and potential of participants
  • accepted good practice in the industry
  • own level of competence
  
• 5.2 Plan and agree a programme of gym-based exercise with clients to achieve planned objectives
• 5.3 Identify any hazards and assess the risk of these hazards actually causing harm
  
• 5.4 Plan how to minimise identified risks with clients
  
• 5.5 Get advice from another professional if there are any objectives, exercises or hazards beyond own level of competence
  
• 5.6 Agree realistic timings and sequences for exercise
  
• 5.7 Record plans in the appropriate format
  

6 Know how to prepare self and equipment for a gym-based exercise programme

• 6.1 Outline the organisation’s guidelines for replacement of equipment
  
• 6.2 Outline the manufacturers’ guidelines for the checking and maintenance of cardiovascular and resistance training machines
  
• 6.3 Describe how to prepare a range of cardiovascular, resistance machines and free weights for use including weights, barbells, dumbbells, collars, benches and protective floor/mats
  
• 6.4 Describe how to safely store free weight equipment
  
• 6.5 Identify what to look for when checking equipment
  
• 6.6 Describe safe manual handling techniques
  
• 6.7 Describe the importance of health and safety in the facility and paying close attention to possible hazards
  
• 6.8 Outline the types of hazards that may occur in the facility and how to identify and deal with these
  
• 6.9 Describe reporting procedures for health and safety
  
• 6.10 Explain how to ensure an instructor is fully prepared to instruct gym-based exercise
  

7 Be able to prepare self and equipment for a gym-based exercise programme

• 7.1 Identify and select the correct equipment for the programme
  
• 7.2 Check the equipment is in safe working order
  
• 7.3 Lift and handle the equipment in a way that prevents injury and damage
  
• 7.4 Ensure there is sufficient space for safe exercise performance
  
• 7.5 Ensure there is sufficient equipment for the clients
  
• 7.6 Follow the correct procedures for checking equipment and dealing with any items that are unsafe
  
• 7.7 Leave the environment in a condition acceptable for future use
  
• 7.8 Refer any health, safety or welfare issues to do with equipment to an appropriate person
  
• 7.9 Be fully prepared to supervise the programme

1 Know how to prepare clients for gym-based exercise

• 1.1 Explain the purpose and value of a warm-up
  
• 1.2 Explain why clients need to understand the purpose and value of a warm-up
  
• 1.3 Describe safe and effective warm-up activities for gym-based exercise
  
• 1.4 Explain the importance of fitness advice and how to offer it in gym-based physical activity
  

2 Be able to prepare clients for gym-based exercise

• 2.1 Ensure the environment and equipment is prepared for the agreed exercises
  
• 2.2 Meet the clients punctually and help them feel welcome and at ease
  
• 2.3 Collect any new information that is required
  
• 2.4 Explain the agreed exercises and their demands, including physical and technical demands
  
• 2.5 Motivate the clients in a way that is appropriate to them
  
• 2.6 Advise clients of the facility’s emergency procedures
  
• 2.7 Confirm or revise what has been agreed with the clients
  

3 Know how to instruct gym-based exercise

• 3.1 Describe the purpose of the exercises included in the programme
  
• 3.2 Describe a range of exercises that are safe and appropriate for clients
  
• 3.3 Describe the types of special requirements that clients may have
  
• 3.4 Describe how to break exercise/movements down to their component parts
  
• 3.5 Describe how to develop client’s co-ordination by building exercises/movements up gradually
  
• 3.6 Outline the information that must be given to other people who are involved in the client’s gym-based programme
  

4 Be able to instruct gym-based exercise

• 4.1 Use warm up and cool down activities that are safe and effective for the clients
  
• 4.2 Give explanations and demonstrations that are technically correct with safe and effective alignment of exercise positions appropriate to clients’ needs and level of experience
  
• 4.3 Check the clients’ understanding of instructions and give them the opportunity to ask questions
  
• 4.4 Ensure the clients carry out exercises in a safe and effective manner
  
• 4.5 Give the clients the necessary information and motivate them to continue to carry out the exercises without direct supervision
  
• 4.6 Keep to the planned timings for the session
  
• 4.7 Manage group behaviour as appropriate
  

5 Know how to observe and supervise gym-based exercise

• 5.1 Outline the needs and potential of the clients
  
• 5.2 Identify the types of hazards that may occur during a session and how to manage these
  
• 5.3 Outline the reporting procedures for health and safety
  
• 5.4 Identify safe and effective alignment of exercise positions
  
• 5.5 Identify a range of alternative exercises for adaptation including any appropriate progressions and regressions
  
• 5.6 Outline the importance/methods of voice projection to include the effective use of volume and pitch of voice
  

6 Be able to observe and supervise gym-based exercise

• 6.1 Move around the area so that all clients can be observed and respond to their needs in a fair and equitable way
  
• 6.2 Monitor exercise intensity using appropriate method/s
  
• 6.3 Make sure all clients can take part in the exercises
  
• 6.4 Monitor the safety and effectiveness of the exercises and adapt these accordingly with suitable progressions/regressions
  
• 6.5 Provide feedback and instructing points which are timely, clear and motivational
  
• 6.6 Encourage and support clients to take responsibility for their own fitness
  
• 6.7 Review clients’ progress and offer fitness advice in response to clients’ changing needs
  
• 6.8 Give clients the chance to ask questions and provide them with appropriate and clear information
  
• 6.9 Refer clients to another professional when their needs go beyond own level of competence
  

7 Know how to bring a gym-based exercise session to an end

• 7.1 Explain the purpose and value of a cool-down
  
• 7.2 Explain why clients need to understand purpose and value of a cool-down
  
• 7.3 Describe safe and effective cool-down activities for gym-based exercise
  

8 Be able to bring a gym-based exercise session to an end

• 8.1 Allow sufficient time to end the session according to the clients’ level of experience
  
• 8.2 End the session using cool down activities that are safe and effective for the clients
  
• 8.3 Give the clients an accurate feedback summary on the session
  
• 8.4 Give the clients the opportunity to:
  • reflect on the session
  • ask questions
  • provide feedback
  • identify their further needs
  
• 8.5 Make sure the clients have the necessary information about future activities and review procedures
  
• 8.6 Follow the correct procedures for checking and dealing with any equipment used
  
• 8.7 Leave the environment in a condition acceptable for future use
  
• 8.8 Pass on suggestions for improving health and safety to a competent person or agency